LeFlore County Historic Sites Survey, 1958

 Information cited from The Chronicles of Oklahoma

1. Fort Coffee, garrisoned 1834-1838: site on bluff on Arkansas River, about 6 miles north of Spiro; this became the noted Fort Coffee Boarding School for Choctaw boys, 1842, under suspices of Methodist Church; old burial ground at Fort Coffee Site, and original grave with stone marker "Major Francis Armstrong, 1835."

Fort Coffee

2. New Hope Seminary established for Choctaw girls, 1842: site 2 1/4 miles east of Spiro; old spring can be seen here: this was the site of first government school for Choctaws west (terms od Dancing Rabbit Creek Tready), in operation 1837, ,Wm. Wilson graduate Washington College, Pa., as superintendent, and listed as "Choctaw Agency School."

3. Choctaw Agency, 1832: site few hundred feet southwest of old "Agency Spring" still in use on county road about 1 1/4 miles east of Spiro; Choctaw Agency building residence of Governor Tandy Walker, Choctaw Nation, 1858, listed as "Walker's Station" on Butterfield Overland Mail Route, 1858-1861: village here was Skullyville, later called Oak Lodge.

4. Captain J. E. Reynolds stone residence built 1890, standing at east edge of Cameron

5. Cameron Institute established 1893 by Presbyterian Mission Board at Cameron: Site about 300 yards east of old Reynold's residence.

6. Brazil Creek bridge and tollgate (privilege to McDaniel and James by Choctaw Council, 1858) on Butterfield Overland Mail Route, 1858-1861: location southwest of Panama 8 miles and about 1/2 mile north of Brazil which was later a stage station on Fort Smith to Boggy Depot Road.

7. Chief Mosholatubbee's home (1834) district Chief's house erected by U.S. under 1830 treaty; site about 400 yards southeast of old spring at Latham; Mosholatubbee's grave probably in old cemetery across the road from here, now in a field; here is tombstone standing at east edge of field, at grave of Judge James Trahern, Skullyville County before Civil War, died 1883. This site was "Trahern's Station," 1858-1861, on Butterfield Overland Mail Route. (SW 1/4 Section 32, Township 8 north, Range 24 east)

8. Choctaw neighborhood "Pine Ridge" School, established by act of Choctaw Council, 1874; old building standing recently at Milton.

9. Bethel Mission school, Baptist, 1837, reported 8 miles southwest of Choctaw Agency: site probably south of Panama, Cavanal (Old Cavernhole) Mountain Region.

10. Bethlehem Mission School, Baptist, 1837: Reported 25 miles southeast of Choctaw Agency: site in vicinity of present Monroe, near Sugar Loaf Mountain.

11. Jesse Riddle tollgate on Backbone Mountain, late 1860's; site in section 31, township 9 north, range 26 east, on old Ft. Smith-Ft. Towson military road: Jesse Riddle's home on south side of Backbone Mountain 1/4 miles from Mountain top. Civil War battle fought on the road near this mountain.

12. Kulli Chaha ("High Spring"), ghost town; first store here 1880; site near Arkansas line, about 6 miles north of Sugar Loaf Mountain; this was in Sugar Loaf County, Choctaw Nation.

13. Sugar Loaf County Courthouse, 1850-1907: old log house standing recently in vicinity of Conser (section 5, township 4 north, range 25 east): here is the home (two-story, frame) of Peter Conser, Choctaw Lighthorseman (1880-1881) under Chief Jack McCurtain, and member of Captain Charles LeFlore Indian police force, late 1880's: Courthouse on Ft. Smith-Ft. Towson Military Road.

14. Lenox Mission, 1853-1854 (A.B.C.F.M.), established by Rev. Simon Hobbs and Mrs. Hobbs: Their graves are 1/4 miles northwest of mission site which is one mile northwest of Whitesboro.

15. Double Springs Camp Ground, Annual Conference Methodist Church, 1879: trace of these springs at Shady Point, just east of railroad track and southeast of depot.

16. Peter Folsom Ferry on Poteau River, 1827, first ferry on this stream at old Fort Smith.

17. Iron Bridge, 1859, built by U.S. for U.S. Mail Route across Poteau River: In vicinity or near old ford of this stream crossed by Butterfield Overland Mail stage, september 1858: This bridge was near present Arkoma, about 6 or 7 miles southwest of Ft. Smith, west of Oklahoma state line.

18. Skullyville County (established 1850, Choctaw Nation) courthouse site (section 7, township 8 north, range 25 east) about 2 1/2 miles northwest of Panama. Here is standing old stone jail, a few feet west of the courthouse site, one of the very few old Choctaw government buildings remaining today.

19. Residence of A. F. Cowling standing at Cowlington, erected late 1870's where he was decon in Baptist Church here, organized 1877 in Short Mountain Community; organized as Short Mountain Baptist Association, 1884: First post office established as Cowlington, August 27, 1884.